Introducing C++

[aayush_005]

Lecture 1: Introducing C++
1.1 Some Remarks about Programming
1.2 The Origins of C++
1.3 ANSI C++
1.4 The C++ Programming Environment in Linux
1.5 An Example C++ Program
1.6 Very Simple Input, Output and Assignment
1.7 Simple Flow of Control
1.8 Preliminary Remarks about Program Style
Exercises

Lecture 2: Variables, Types and Expressions
2.1 Identifiers
2.2 Data Types
Integers
Real numbers
Type Casting
Characters
Strings
User Defined Data Types
2.3 Some Tips on Formatting Real Number Output
2.4 Declarations, Constants and Enumerations
Enumerations
Where to put Constant and Variable Declarations
2.5 Assignments and Expressions
Shorthand Arithmetic Assignment Statements
Boolean Expressions and Operators
Exercises

Lecture 3: Functions and Procedural Abstraction
3.1 The Need for Sub-programs
3.2 User-defined Functions
3.3 Value and Reference Parameters
Functions which use Value Parameters are Safe
Reference Parameters
3.4 Polymorphism and Overloading
3.5 Procedural Abstraction and Good Programming Style
3.6 Splitting Programs into Different Files
Exercises

Lecture 4: Files and Streams
4.1. Why Use Files?
4.2 Streams
Creating Streams
Connecting and Disconnecting Streams to Files
4.3 Checking for Failure with File Commands
4.4 Character Input and Output
Input using "get()"
Output using "put()"
The "putback()" Function
4.5 Checking for the End of an Input File
4.6 Streams as Arguments in Functions
4.7 Input and Output Using ">>" and "<<"
Exercises

Lecture 5: Branch and Loop Statements
5.1 Boolean Values, Expressions and Functions
Note: The Identifiers "true" and "false" in C++
5.2 "For", "While" and "Do ... While" Loops
5.3 Multiple Selection and Switch Statements
5.4 Blocks and Scoping
5.5 A Remark about Nested Loop Statements
Exercises

Lecture 6: Arrays and Strings
6.1 The Basic Idea and Notation
Declaring an array
Assignment Statements and Expressions with Array Elements
6.2 Arrays as Parameters in Functions
6.3 Sorting Arrays
6.4 Two-dimensional Arrays
6.5 Strings
The Sentinel String Character '\0'
String Variable Declarations and Assignments
Some Predefined String Functions
String Input using "getline()"
Exercises

Lecture 7: Pointers
7.1 Introducing Pointers
Declaring Pointers
Assignments with Pointers Using the Operators "*" and "&"
The "new" and "delete" operators, and the constant "NULL"
7.2 Array Variables and Pointer Arithmetic
7.3 Dynamic Arrays
7.4 Automatic and Dynamic Variables
7.5 Linked Lists
The "." and "->" Operators
Creating a Linked List
Printing a Linked List
Exercises

Lecture 8: Recursion
8.1 The Basic Idea
8.2 A Simple Example
8.3 The Mechanics of a Recursive Call
8.4 Three More Examples
8.5 Recursion and Iteration
8.6 Recursive Data Structures
8.7 Quick Sort - A Recursive Procedure for Sorting
Exercises

[Storm Aiden]

C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup of AT&T Bell Laboratories in the early 1980's, and is based on the C language. The name is a pun - "++" is a syntactic construct used in C (to increment a variable), and C++ is intended as an incremental improvement of C. Most of C is a subset of C++, so that most C programs can be compiled (i.e. converted into a series of low-level instructions that the computer can execute directly) using a C++ compiler.

C is in many ways hard to categorise. Compared to assembly language it is high-level, but it nevertheless includes many low-level facilities to directly manipulate the computer's memory. It is therefore an excellent language for writing efficient "systems" programs. But for other types of programs, C code can be hard to understand, and C programs can therefore be particularly prone to certain types of error. The extra object-oriented facilities in C++ are partly included to overcome these shortcoming.